Plate Earthing

Plate Earthing

Plate Earthing is one of the most effective types of earthing systems used for electrical installations to ensure safety and prevent electrical shocks. It involves burying a metal plate in the ground to provide a low-resistance path for fault currents.

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Components of Plate Earthing System

1. Earth Plate: A copper or galvanized iron (GI) plate is used as an electrode.

2. Earth Pit: A pit of around 2-3 meters depth is dug to bury the plate.

3. Earthing Conductors: GI or copper strips/wires connect the plate to the electrical system.

4. Salt and Charcoal: These materials are placed around the plate to reduce earth resistance.

5. Watering Pipe: A PVC or GI pipe is used for regularly watering the pit to maintain moisture and conductivity.

6. Protective Cover: A cover is placed over the earthing pit to prevent exposure to open ground.

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Procedure for Plate Earthing Installation

1. Digging the Pit

   • A pit of 2 to 3 meters deep is excavated.

2. Placing the Plate

   • A copper (600mm × 600mm × 3mm) or GI plate (600mm × 600mm × 6mm) is placed vertically inside the pit.

3. Connection of Earthing Wire

   • A GI or copper strip is securely bolted to the plate and taken out to the ground level.

4. Filling the Pit

   • Layers of salt and charcoal are filled around the plate to enhance conductivity.

5. Installation of Watering Pipe

   • A GI pipe of about 20mm diameter is placed to pour water regularly and maintain soil moisture.

6. Covering the Pit

   • The top of the pit is covered with a chamber (concrete or brick) for easy access to the earthing system.

Diagram of Plate Earthing

Here is a simple diagram illustrating the Plate Earthing system:

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Advantages of Plate Earthing

✔ Provides low resistance path for fault currents.
✔ Suitable for rocky and dry soils.
✔ Long-lasting and reliable.

Disadvantages of Plate Earthing

✖ Installation cost is higher than rod earthing.
✖ Requires regular maintenance and watering.